Phase 2 Define
In this phase, you gather all the information you collected in the empathise phase. Here, you define the main problems within the challenge and the main needs of the target group and define a problem statement. To make sure you keep designing human-centred, it is important to keep the target group in mind as a starting point.
The final problem statement should be defined from the user’s perspective. A good problem statement is about the users themselves, what they would like (the ideal situation) and why this is not happening now (the problem). Always ensure that the target group continues to identify with the analysis being made. Again, the target group can be involved in formulating the problem statement via co-creation.
In this phase, you can find 3 Methods to define a problem statement (in yellow), and 2 Co-creation methods to define a problem statement (in blue).
Research methods define a problem statement
1. Haiku
Writing a problem statement in the form of a haiku is a fun, creative and easy way to keep the problems we need to solve in front of us and to focus on them so that we don’t wander off looking for ideas and solutions? Creating a haiku reinforces the problem in our minds and fixes it in our long-term memory[1].
[1] How to write a memorable problem statement – Neil Cooper
2. Frame the challenge
This template will help you reframe the problem into an inspiring challenge. This rewrites your core problem and translates it into an opportunity. This gives you space to think about solutions in the Ideate phase[1].
3. Problem Statement Template
Completing a problem statement template helps you get the real question behind the problem in focus.[1]
Co-creation methods to define a problem statement
1. Ishiwaka fishbone diagram
A fishbone diagram is a tool to classify the different causes of a problem. it allows us to identify the main causes of a problem. The method uses brainstorming with a mind map template[1].
2. How might we questions
With this co-creation method, you turn the problem areas you have identified into a “how might we” question. These questions are positive. They open the door to different solutions to a problem. It gives you the perfect framework for innovative thinking[1].